Abstract Effective management of pain typically requires an examination of biologic, psychologic, and social factors that contribute to the patient’s individual experience. Adding behavioral and environmental management strategies to the…
Abstract Piriformis syndrome remains an oft misdiagnosed cause of buttock and leg pain. Because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve, variant anatomic relations between the piriformis muscle and sciatic…
Abstract Back and neck pain are two of the leading causes of disability in the world, with over one-third of cases being predominantly neuropathic or mixed in nature. The classification…
Abstract Transforaminal epidural steroid injections and selective nerve root blocks provide an alternative intervention to interlaminar epidural injections to target radicular pain. The two former procedures differ regarding the final…
Abstract Low back pain is a major source of pain and suffering. A body of knowledge has accumulated over the years which suggests that many of the syndromes causing low…
Abstract Tai Chi is an ancient Chinese martial art with a growing interest. It is an aerobic exercise of mild to moderate intensity. The practice of Tai Chi involves an…
Abstract Acupuncture (AP) is widely practiced for acute and chronic pain management. National Institute of Health (NIH) consensus statement in 1997 demonstrated favorable results of AP treatments in postoperative pain,…
Abstract This chapter describes the physical medicine and rehabilitation approach to acute and chronic painful musculoskeletal complaints. It highlights the importance of treating the whole patient with the goal of…
Abstract Cannabis has been used in medicine for centuries. Modern understanding of the clinical effects of cannabis and cannabinoids in the treatment of pain is evolving. Cannabinoid compounds include phytocannabinoids,…
Abstract Neuroablative surgical interventions involve the interruption of peripheral and central nervous system pain pathways. Although the rationale appears logical, the results have not been consistent. Newer treatments including neurostimulation…
