Nitric Oxide
Nitric Oxide Andrew A. Parsons The importance of nitric oxide (NO) in modulation of biological pathways has been known for over 20 years. The seminal studies by Furchgott and Zwadzki…
PAIN MEDICINE
Serotonin and Other Biogenic Amines
Serotonin and Other Biogenic Amines Christian Waeber Biogenic amines such as serotonin, norepinephrine, histamine, and dopamine are naturally occurring biologically active amines synthesized from three different amino acids. Histidine is…
Imaging Pain
Imaging Pain Irene Tracey Martin Ingvar OBJECTIFYING THE PAIN EXPERIENCE Over the past 15 years, we have witnessed a shift in our understanding of pain processing in humans from the…
Peripheral and Central Sensitization Related to Headaches
Peripheral and Central Sensitization Related to Headaches Rami Burstein Dan Levy Moshe Jakubowski Clifford J. Woolf CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF PERIPHERAL AND CENTRAL SENSITIZATION Among the common symptoms of peripheral sensitization…
Inhibition and Facilitation of Nociception
Inhibition and Facilitation of Nociception Jürgen Sandkühler The intensity of pain felt by a patient may not always match the level of nociceptor activation. For example, immediately after an accident…
Anatomy and Physiology of Head Pain
Anatomy and Physiology of Head Pain Karl Messlinger Jonathan O. Dostrovsky Andrew M. Strassman A large body of indirect evidence supports the idea that some types of headaches, including migraine,…
Anatomy of Muscles, Tendons, Joints, Blood Vessels, and Meninges
Anatomy of Muscles, Tendons, Joints, Blood Vessels, and Meninges Lars Edvinsson Marc Abel Vital organs of the body are encased by the skeletal system, either completely or in association with…
Ethical Issues in Headache Research and Management
Ethical Issues in Headache Research and Management Timothy J. Steiner Povl Riis Medical research is the means to a better understanding of the etiologic and pathogenetic mechanisms of human disease….
Principles of Clinical Pharmacology, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials, and Evidence-Based Medicine in Headache
Principles of Clinical Pharmacology, Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials, and Evidence-Based Medicine in Headache Carl G. H. Dahlöf Paul Rolan Peer Tfelt-Hansen The clinical pharmacology of a drug includes both pharmacokinetics—what…
The History and Examination of Headache Patients
The History and Examination of Headache Patients Jes Olesen David W. Dodick CLINICAL APPROACH TO PATIENT WITH HEADACHE For patients with new-onset or progressive headaches, the approach is similar to…
