Abstract Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) provides a closed, moist environment with a regulated level of negative pressure to the wound bed, stimulating perfusion and granulation tissue formation, reduction of…
Abstract Deep partial or full thickness skin wounds, with an underlying vascularized bed, may be closed by autologous skin grafting, especially if healing by contracture would lead to prolonged healing…
Abstract The lower leg venous system consists of the superficial (greater saphenous vein) and deep (femoral vein) systems. Duplicated saphenous systems exist in the calf and thigh in approximately 25%…
Abstract The brachial artery lies in the groove between the biceps and triceps muscles. The proximal brachial artery lies medial to the humerus and moves anterior as it progresses distally….
Abstract The pancreas lies transversely in the retroperitoneum, at the L1–L2 vertebral level, between the duodenum and the hilum of the spleen. The head of the pancreas lies over the…
Abstract The uterus, adnexa, superior bladder, and upper rectum are peritonealized. These structures attach to the pelvis and to one another via a variety of peritoneal reflections and vascular and…
Abstract The popliteal fossa is diamond-shaped and its borders are formed by the semimembranosus and semitendinosus muscles superiomedially, the biceps femoris muscle superiolaterally, the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle…
Abstract The overall pelvic anatomy and orientation of the pelvic organs is similar to the nongravid state (see Chapter 35 Emergency Hysterectomy) with the following exceptions: Prior to the 12th…
Abstract The indications for shunting after vascular injury include damage control for patients in extremis, the presence of associated fractures requiring fixation, the need for transportation to specialized centers for…
Abstract Severe bleeding in complex pelvic fractures usually originates from branches of the internal iliac artery, presacral venous plexus, fractured bones, and soft tissues. Major iliac vascular injuries are encountered…
