Emergency venous access for fluid resuscitation and drug infusion Central venous pressure and oxygen monitoring Infusions requiring central venous administration (vasopressors, hyperosmolar solutions, hyperalimentation) Routine venous access due to inadequate…
Inadequate oxygenation or ventilation Airway obstruction Loss of protective airway reflexes (e.g., depressed cough and gag reflexes) Excess work of breathing Nonresponsive and apneic CONTRAINDICATIONS Absolute Contraindications None for unstable…
Rapid sequence intubation (RSI) is the preferred method of emergency airway management. It involves the near simultaneous administration of fast-acting induction and neuromuscular blocking agents to achieve optimal intubating conditions…
To provide emergent airway access only when a safer, less invasive airway cannot be established or is contraindicated For children younger than 12 years, needle cricothyroidotomy is the surgical airway…
Penetrating Chest Trauma Traumatic arrest with witnessed signs of life* in the field Persistent hypotension (systolic blood pressure (SBP) <60 mm Hg) despite resuscitative efforts Blunt Trauma Traumatic arrest that…
Used to provide local anesthesia to the digits for repair, reduction, or drainage Lacerations Nail bed injuries Infections (i.e., felons, paronychias) Amputations Fractures or dislocations CONTRAINDICATIONS Absolute Contraindications Transthecal technique…
Paracentesis is the removal of fluid from the peritoneal cavity through the use of a needle for either therapy (to relieve patient symptoms) or diagnosis (to determine causes or complications…
Clinical suspicion of acute anterior, posterior, lateral, medial, or divergent dislocation with or without neurovascular compromise The clinical presentation depends on the type of dislocation Suspected dislocation is clinically confirmed…
Used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and to measure the opening pressure of the subarachnoid space to aid in the evaluation and management of patients with acute headache or other…
Used to decompress accumulated edema under tight, unyielding eschar following full-thickness burn (classic and modern classifications of burns are given in TABLE 74.1) Circumferential extremity burn with evidence of neurovascular…
