Abstract The shoulder is a girdle consisting of four articulations: the glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and scapulothoracic. These articulations are supported by muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Fractures, sprains, dislocations, and soft…

Abstract Cold and heat injuries are environmental injuries that require acute recognition and appropriate care. The chapter will outline details of both injuries, including diagnosis and management. Keywords chilblains, cold…

Abstract Fall on outstretched hand (FOOSH) injuries are common in pediatric and adult patients. FOOSH injuries affect the upper extremities, including the hand, wrist, forearm, elbow, upper arm, and shoulder….

Abstract The knee is the most frequently injured joint in the body, and an acutely swollen knee is a common presentation of knee pathology in the emergency department and primary…

Abstract Concussion is a disruption to the normal function of the brain secondary to a force to the head or body. The symptoms may be apparent immediately but often may…

Abstract This chapter discusses common orthopedic injuries, including pediatric fractures (Salter- Harris classification, torus, greenstick, bowing, and Toddler’s), nursemaid’s elbow, and non-accidental orthopedic trauma. Keywords pediatric fracture, pediatric trauma  …

Abstract We define acute low back pain (ALBP) as less than 6 weeks of pain between the costal angles and gluteal folds. This may be accompanied by radicular pain, which…

Abstract This chapter discusses blunt and penetrating trauma to the chest and abdomen in pediatric patients. We will review the approach to a pediatric trauma patient and when to appropriately…