Mongolian Spots Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Mongolian spots (also referred to as blue-gray macule of infancy) are the most frequently encountered birthmarks in neonates. Melanin-containing melanocytes in the dermis…
Bradycardia Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Bradycardia is a heart rate below normal range for age with many etiologies. Bradycardia of <60 beats per minute (bpm) associated with poor systemic…
Sexual Abuse and Sexually Transmitted Infections Print Section Listen Clinical Summary Child sexual abuse occurs when a dominant, more powerful person involves a depending, developmentally immature child or adolescent in…
Hiatal Hernia Print Section Listen Radiographic Summary A hiatal hernia is a herniation of elements of the abdominal cavity through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm. On an upright chest…
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) Print Section Listen Radiographic Summary An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a focal dilation of the aortic wall measuring greater than 1.5 times the normal diameter…
Child Abuse Print Section Listen Clinical Summary In the United States, child abuse is defined as “any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or…
Hip Print Section Listen Hip Dislocation Radiographic Summary Radiographs of the pelvis are sufficient to demonstrate a hip dislocation. Hips can dislocate posteriorly, anteriorly, or inferiorly. With posterior dislocation, the…
Epidural Hematoma Print Section Listen Radiographic Summary An acute epidural hematoma (EDH) is a hyperdense (higher Hounsfield unit number), extra-axial (outside the brain parenchyma) blood collection that occurs after a…
Shoulder Print Section Listen Acromio-Clavicular Separation Radiographic Summary Acromio-clavicular (AC) separation is an injury to the ligamentous structures of the AC joint. On AP radiographs of the shoulder, the inferior…
Atraumatic Conditions of the Head and Brain Print Section Listen Ischemic Stroke Radiographic Summary Suspected ischemic stroke is one of the most common indications for neurological imaging in the ED….
