Including EFAST in Trauma Algorithms: When? What Now?
Neither detection of injured organs nor a precise diagnosis is required for decision The key point on which to apply EFAST findings is patient physiology All lesions not “producing” free…
CRITICAL CARE
Prehospital Ultrasound in Trauma: Role and Tips
First author and reference no. Year Modality n Sensitivity Specificity Accuracy Diagnostic reference standard Boulanger [1] 1996 FAST 400 81 97 94 DPL, CT Brown [10] 2001 FAST 2,693 84…
Introduction and Focused Questions
Mauro Zago (ed.)Ultrasound for Acute Care SurgeonsEssential US for Trauma: E-FAST201410.1007/978-88-470-5274-1_2 © Springer-Verlag Italia 2014 2. Introduction and Focused Questions Mauro Zago1 (1) General Surgery Department, Minimally Invasive Surgery Unit, Policlinico San Pietro, Bergamo, Italy…
Abdominal Wall Hernias
Fig. 34.1 Classification of ventral hernias between the two lateral margins of rectus muscles. Five zones are defined. (Reprinted with permission from Muysoms FE, Miserez M, Berrevoet F et al….
Hemothorax, Pneumothorax, and Empyema
Fig. 15.1 A 43-year-old blunt trauma patient presenting with hypotension. Tension pneumothorax was not clinically diagnosed as the cause of hypotension and this chest radiograph was obtained. The image shows…
Extremity Compartment Syndromes
Decreased compartmental volume •Excessive traction with fracture immobilization •Closure of fascial defects following trauma Increased compartmental content •Intracompartmental bleeding secondary to fractures, vascular injury, or bleeding disorders •Increased capillary filtration…
Small Bowel Obstruction
Extrinsic lesion Intrinsic lesion Obstruction of normal bowel Adhesions Intussusception Gallstones Hernia Congenital malformation Feces or meconium Volvulus Neoplasms Bezoar Extrinsic neoplasms Intussuception Gallstones Intra-abdominal abscesses Congenital malformation Feces or…
Sigmoid and Cecal Volvulus
Fig. 30.1 “Bent inner tube” sign associated with sigmoid volvulus. Published with permission from William Herring, MD, FACR, learningradiology.com Fig. 30.2 “Omega” sign associated with sigmoid volvulus. Published with permission…
Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Fig. 37.1 Anatomy of skin and soft tissue and infectious processes associated with each layer Epidemiology Incidence The incidence of NSTIs in the United States has been estimated from large…
Anorectal Emergencies
Fig. 31.1 Acute presentation of massive thrombosed external hemorrhoids. This patient was brought to the operating room for emergent hemorrhoidectomy Internal hemorrhoids, on the other hand, rarely present with pain…
