Status Epilepticus
Genetic epilepsy is one in which a known or presumed genetic defect(s) results in seizures which are the core symptom of the disorder. A structural/metabolic epilepsy is one in which…
CRITICAL CARE
Pancreatic Disease
The degree of severity and outcomes of a patient with acute pancreatitis was described by Ranson et al. (25,26) and included 11 clinical criteria, 5 of which were assessed on…
Renal Replacement Therapy
The timing between initiation of extracorporeal therapy and ICU admission is another issue that should be taken into account for classification purposes of early and late RRTs. Data available from…
Pancreatic Transplantation
FIGURE 73.1 Number of pancreas transplants worldwide tabulated by the International Pancreas Transplant Registry from 1966 to 2013. RESULTS Outcomes after pancreas transplants have consistently improved over the years (5,6)….
Hemorrhagic Shock
FIGURE 47.1 Final common pathway of shock. Hemorrhagic shock results in acute changes in circulating blood volume that culminates in a final common pathway shared by all classifications of shock….
Surgical Infections
TABLE 84.2 Surviving Sepsis Guidelines for Initial Resuscitation and Infection Control Priorities for Septic Shock and Severe Sepsis PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF SURGICAL INFECTIONS In many respects, the diagnosis and treatment of…
Fetal Monitoring Concerns
FIGURE 81.1 Reactive nonstress test. This nonstress test is reassuring, indicating fetal well-being. Fetal heart rate decelerations can also be appreciated on an NST or during continuous fetal monitoring during…
Molecular and Metabolic Perspectives on Genetics in the ICU
Pharmacogenomic Implication Scenarios Pharmacotherapy in the ICU is often a complex undertaking with patient-specific variables such as severity of illness, comorbid disease, and volume status greatly altering pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic…
Acute Hypertension Management in the ICU
TABLE 100.2 Definitions DIAGNOSIS, ETIOLOGY, AND MANIFESTATION Malignant Hypertension The peak incidence of malignant hypertension occurs between the ages of 40 and 50, with risk factors including poor long-term blood…
3 Urinary Tract Infections
Pathophysiology With the exception of distal urethra, the urinary tract is normally sterile. The resistance to UTI is influenced by exposure to uropathogenic bacteria, age, hormonal status, and urine flow…
