Headache Virginia E. Robertson MD Mary E. McCormack RNCS, FNP-C, MPH Headache is a challenging symptom for both patient and provider. Etiologies are varied and include idiopathic and specific conditions,…

Parkinson’s Disease Daisy Arce MD Steven Kaner MD Felix Enabosi OT, PhD Bayo Sedenu PT, PhD Nearly one million people in the United States have Parkinson’s disease. This is a…

Demyelinating Disease/Multiple Sclerosis Ann Higgins MS, RN, ANP Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that typically appears in late adolescence or early adulthood….

Dizziness, Vertigo, and Ataxia Henry Cohen MS, PharmD Salah M. Mesad MD DIZZINESS AND VERTIGO Vertigo is a precise term, defined as a sensation of spinning or whirling motion; it…

Dementia and Delirium Joseph Scarpa MD, CMD Peter Sanna PA-C, MPH Dementia, a syndrome of deterioration of cognition in alert persons that results in their impaired performance of activities of…

Temporomandibular Disorders Edgar Fayans DDS Vague pain relating to the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) that resembled otalgia was first described by Costen in 1934. Since that time, temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) have…

Plantar Fasciitis Maria Procopio Dugan DO Plantar heel pain is one of the most common orthopedic pain syndromes seen in a primary care practice. The true prevalence is not known….

Osteoporosis Ellen R. Rich PhD RN, CS, FNP Osteoporosis is a generalized metabolic disease characterized by both diminished bone mineral density (BMD) and deterioration of the microarchitecture of remaining bone….

Osteoarthritis Dennis A. Cardone DO Alfred F. Tallia MD, MPH Osteoarthritis (OA) is a clinical condition of diarthroidal joints characterized by pain, stiffness, and structural alteration. Underlying this condition are…

Low Back Pain Steve Weintraub DO Low back pain (LBP) remains one of the leading reasons for primary care visits. It usually resolves with nonspecific treatment within 6 weeks in…