Methylxanthine Poisoning Michael W. Shannon† †Deceased. The methylxanthines most commonly used in the clinical setting are theophylline and its ethylenediamine salt, aminophylline. Until recently, theophylline was used exclusively as a…
Lithium Poisoning Kent R. Olson Thanjira Jiranantakan Lithium was introduced in the nineteenth century for the treatment of gout. Apparently, toxicity was rarely encountered because of low recommended doses. In…
Iron Poisoning Milton Tenenbein Historically, iron poisoning is the most common cause of poisoning death in children younger than 6 years [1]; however, morbidity and mortality have decreased secondary to…
Hydrofluoric Acid Poisoning Kennon Heard Introduction Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is a commonly encountered industrial reagent that is available in concentrations from 6% to 90%. It is used for the production…
Hydrocarbon Poisoning William J. Lewander Alfred Aleguas Jr Hydrocarbons are a group of organic compounds composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon. Although often mixtures, hydrocarbons may be divided into four…
Heavy Metal Poisoning Luke Yip* *The views expressed do not necessarily represent those of the agency or the United States. This chapter focuses on the aspects of acute poisoning by…
Envenomations Robert L. Norris “Their supreme arrogance, developed over millions of years as masters of their environment, commands respect out of all proportions to their size” [1]. Although made in…
Salicylate and Other Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Poisoning Marco L.A. Sivilotti Christopher H. Linden Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) include aspirin, related salicylates (Table 131.1), and a variety of other drugs (e.g.,…
Corrosive Poisoning Robert P. Dowsett Christopher H. Linden Initially referring to acids, the term corrosives is now used synonymously with caustics, a term originally applied to alkalis. In solution, acids…
Cocaine Poisoning Richard D. Shih Judd E. Hollander Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine) is an alkaloid compound derived from the South American plant Erythroxylon coca. Its use as an illicit drug of abuse…
