Bronchitis Bronchiectasis Aspergilloma Tumor Tuberculosis Lung abscess Emboli Coagulopathy Autoimmune disorders Arterial venous malformation Alveolar hemorrhage Mitral stenosis Pneumonia Presentation Classic presentation Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) is the most common cause…
Oxygen Inhaled beta-agonists Inhaled anticholinergics Corticosteroids Antibiotics Noninvasive ventilation Intubation Ventilator management Manage ABCs Patients should be placed on supplemental oxygen therapy as needed to maintain adequate oxygen saturations of…
Allergic• Anaphylaxis• Angioedema Infectious• Ludwig’s angina• Retropharyngeal abscess/other deep space infections of the neck• Peritonsillar abscess• Epiglottitis Traumatic and caustic• Thermal burn• Traumatic hematoma• Caustic ingestion• Inhaled toxins Anatomical and…
Chest radiography findings concerning for blunt aortic injury Widened mediastinum (>8 cm on supine or >6 cm on upright film) Obscured aortic knob Left apical cap (blood above apex of…
Strategies of ventilation Outlined below are two ventilation strategies that can be used in critically ill patients in the emergency department. Both of these strategies utilize the assist control (AC)…
Neoplastic disease• Most common presentation is metastatic lesion(lung/prostate/breast > renal/gastrointestinal/lymphoma) Mechanical/structural abnormalities• Traumatic/bony injury• Osteoporosis/pathological fracture• Degenerative joint disease• Postsurgical complication Infectious causes• Extradural spinal abscess (IVDU, HIV, tuberculosis, immunosuppression)•…
Metabolic Primary central nervous system Toxidromes/toxins • Hypoxia• Hypoglycemia• Hyponatremia• Hypocalcemia• Hypomagnesemia• Inborn errors of metabolism • Trauma• Infections• Cerebral vascular accident• Hemorrhage• Vasculitis• Seizure disorder with other medical condition•…
Type Location Subarachnoid hemorrhage Bleeding into the potential space between the arachnoid and pia mater Subdural hematoma Bleeding into the potential space between dura and arachnoid membrane Epidural hematoma Bleeding…
