Fig. 11.1 Paraspinal muscles. (Reprinted with permission from Dr. Vicente Roques from imedar.​com) Fig. 11.2 Cross section of the paraspinal muscle at T5. (Reprinted with permission from Dr. Vicente Roques…

Fig. 26.1 The three phases of calcific tendinitis. (Reprinted with permission from Philip Peng Education Series) Uhthoff and Loehr described three distinct stages in the disease process, namely, the precalcific,…

Fig. 13.1 Anatomy of cervical medial branch and third occipital nerve (TON). (Reprinted with permission from Philip Peng Educational Series) Each zygapophyseal joint is innervated by the medial branch above…

Fig. 8.1 The area of pain in patients with piriformis syndrome. (Reprinted with permission from Philip Peng Educational Series) Piriformis syndrome, an etiology related to prolonged or excessive contraction of…

Fig. 9.1 Pudendal nerve between sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligament. (Reprinted with permission from Philip Peng Educational Series) It gives off three terminal branches: the dorsal nerve of the penis or…

Fig. 7.1 The genital and femoral branches of the genitofemoral nerve. (Reprinted with permission from Dr. Maria Fernanda Rojas) The genitofemoral nerve (GFN) arises from the L1 and L2 spinal…

  Specific types of headache Primary Migraine, cluster headaches, post-concussion headache Secondary Cervicogenic headache, occipital neuralgia The basis of how occipital nerve block works in the primary headache is likely…

Fig. 25.1 Platelet physiology. Platelets are not cells, but rather 1–4 μm anucleated cytoplasmic fragments of megakaryocytes. Platelets contain dense granules and alpha granules. The latter contain adhesion molecules, coagulation and…

Fig. 5.1 Different layers of intercostal muscle. (Reprinted with permission from Philip Peng Educational Series) The intercostal nerves are made up of twelve pairs of thoracic spinal nerves (T1–T12) and…

Fig. 12.1 Cross section of cervical epidural space. 1. Ligamentum flavum, 2. epidural space with venous plexus, 3. spinal ganglion, 4. spinous process, 5. body of vertebra, 6. dorsal branch…