Figure 42.1 Postoperative management of intraoperative awareness. It is important that healthcare providers refer the patient back to the anesthesiologist for evaluation. Dismissing reports of awareness as merely dreaming because…

7.5/32510/3254–64–8Oxycodone/Acetaminophen5/3257.5/3254–63–4Acetaminophen/Codeine300/304–63–4Hydromorphone4–83–43–4 Oral analgesics are most effective for mild to moderate pain. The World Health Organization Pain Ladder recommends non-opioid analgesics for mild pain and a weak opioid or weak opioid/non-opioid…

Figure 39.1 Differential diagnosis of postoperative shoulder pain. Intrinsic shoulder pain Patients with intrinsic shoulder injury will present with pain, stiffness, weakness, and instability of the shoulder joint. Pain is…

html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 37 Abnormal urine color James W. Heitz Post-Anesthesia Care: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management, ed. James W. Heitz. Published by Cambridge University Press. © Cambridge University…

Absorption of irrigation fluidsUrine osmolality <250 mOsm/kgSerum hyponatremiaVariably presentObservationHyperglycemiaCommonDiabetes mellitusStress hyperglycemiaSteroid administrationGlucosuriaPseudohyponatremiaHypokalemiaAcidosis (DKA)↑osmolality (HHNK)Insulin, potassium supplementationMannitolOccasionalReduction of intracranial pressure (ICP), renal protection during rhabdomyolysisSerum hyponatremia, increased osmolality, hypokalemia; rarely hyperkalemiaSelf-limitedPost-obstruction…

Caution in renal failure owing to renally eliminated metabolite (normeperidine), but small doses probably safe.Contraindicated with monoamine oxidase inhibitorsMorphine0.5 mg IV q 5 minutes (max 2.5 mg)μ-receptor agonistNot as efficacious…

Figure 33.1 Algorithm for determining the cause of postoperative paresthesia. Postoperative neuropathy When a patient complains of pain, weakness, or numbness/paresthesia, the first question is whether the symptom began before…

Figure 32.1 Corneal abrasion. Corneal abrasion management: Although prevention is preferable to treatment, most corneal abrasions heal spontaneously within 48 hours without sequela. Ophthalmological treatment may consist of antibiotic drops…

Figure 30.1 Common skin abnormalities of the early postoperative period. Diffuse rashes Red man syndrome: Red man syndrome results from vancomycin administration. The incidence increases at higher doses (>1 g)…

Figure 29.1 Diagnostic and treatment algorithm for postoperative crying or tearing. Management: Postoperative crying has not been associated with adverse outcome or increased perioperative risk. Specifically, it is not known…