INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Perioperative pain control remains one of the primary concerns for surgical patients, surgeons, and anesthesiologists. Traditionally, opiates have been the medications used for the treatment of…
HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT Print Section Listen The discovery of inhalation anesthetics has a colorful history and began as early as the late 1700s with nitrous oxide. One initial use was…
HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT Print Section Listen The first reports of opioid use date to more than 6000 years ago, when a gummy substance known as opium was extracted from poppy…
HISTORY Print Section Listen Local anesthetics have been used for centuries and represent some of the oldest drugs in the armamentarium of anesthesiologists. The story of the coca leaf and…
HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT Print Section Listen Sedative–hypnotics are a relatively new class of anesthetics, beginning with the introduction of sodium thiopental in the early 1930s. Since then, several sedative–hypnotics have…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen As the use of herbal supplements becomes more widespread, it is vitally important that the anesthetist has a detailed understanding of potential interactions with anesthetic medications…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Opioid and benzodiazepine antagonists are an important component of an anesthesiologists’ armamentarium. Anesthesiologists rely on these agents for rapid reversal of adverse effects such as respiratory…
ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS IN FINDING THE CORRECT DOSE Print Section Listen When selecting an anesthetic, anesthetists often consider, among others, the questions presented in Table 1–1. To answer these questions, anesthetists…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Anesthetic drug interactions exist when one anesthetic influences the behavior of another anesthetic. The combined effects can be enhanced or diminished, or a new effect may…
MODELING CONCEPTS Print Section Listen Modeling is the technique of defining a mathematical equation that fits a data set as accurately as possible. Linear regression could be considered as a…
