Abstract The unstable cervical spine requires prompt recognition, evaluation of neurologic deficits, evaluation and treatment of systemic effects, and meticulous airway management to ensure optimal outcome from a cervical spine…
Abstract Respect for patient autonomy is a predominant principle in Western medical ethics. Legal precedents strongly support the rights of patients, including pregnant patients, to refuse medical therapies, even life-saving…
Abstract Although the concept of normal perfusion pressure breakthrough was first proposed nearly 4 decades ago, it continues to be relevant to the comprehensive management of patients with brain arteriovenous…
Abstract Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease for which the etiology is unclear, that manifests noncaseating granulomas, and is usually restricted to the lungs and self-limiting. If treatment is necessary,…
Abstract Sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) are clinical syndromes that may present during the perioperative period. Their clinical manifestations may affect virtually all…
Abstract Patients with a coronary stent, particularly a drug-eluting stent, are treated for 6 to 12 months with dual antiplatelet therapy. Premature discontinuation of the GIIa/IIIb inhibitor can lead to…
Abstract While preoperative testing can provide clinicians with important information into a patient’s suitability for a procedure, there are instances where the tests can inaccurately deliver information depending on the…
Abstract For any anesthetic, the anesthesiologist must consider the patient’s medical history while assessing the likelihood that the anesthetic and procedure may lead to a detrimental outcome. Although costly, anesthesiologists…
Abstract Porphyria is a rare inherited metabolic disorder that results from mutations in the genes coding for the enzymes involved in heme biosynthesis. Deficiency of these enzymes leads to a…
