Abstract Transfusion of donor blood is sometimes unavoidable during the surgical episode. However, it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, whilst interventions that reduce the need for donor transfusions…
Abstract Anaemia affects a significant number of preoperative patients and has independently been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Identification, assessment, and treatment of preoperative anaemia is now widely accepted…
Abstract Iron – like most micronutrients – is not synthesized by the human body and is acquired from dietary sources. Total body iron (approximately 3000–5000 mg) is chiefly regulated by varying…
Introduction Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) disease has been increasingly recognized as a common contributor to many cases of lower back pain (LBP) and radiculopathy, with a prevalence estimated at between 13%…
Introduction Surgical instruments are the tools of the trade. Just like any in any other trade or manual job, there are a number of surgical instruments that have been designed…
Introduction The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) functions in transferring the load between the spine and the lower extremities and acts as a shock absorber for the spine. The structure is bordered…
Introduction Sacroiliac joint (SIJ) dysfunction is a debilitating condition that accounts for approximately 20% of chronic axial lower back pain (LBP). The diagnosis is made by relief of pain after…
Introduction Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) is being explored for a variety of clinical indications, including plexus injuries, focal mononeuropathy, postamputation pain, back pain, sacroiliac joint pain (SIJ), headache, facial pain,…
Introduction Low back pain remains one of the most debilitating and prevalent symptoms in the United States, with a lifetime prevalence of 65% to 70%. The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is…
Introduction The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is the largest true synovial joint in the body. It is one of the most common sources of chronic low back pain, accounting for 15%…
