Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery
Key Points ▪ Degenerative joint disease is the foremost medical condition leading to operations in the United States. With continued population growth and an increasing percentage of older people, a…
ANESTHESIA
Ambulatory (Outpatient) Anesthesia
Key Points ▪ The use of ambulatory surgery continues to increase, mostly as a result of less invasive surgical techniques, improved patient selection and preparation, and an expansion of office-based…
Geriatric Anesthesia
Key Points ▪ The proportion of adults over age 70 has increased throughout the world with a corresponding increase in older surgical patients. ▪ Normal aging is associated with changes…
Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Surgery
Key Points ▪ Ophthalmic procedures are considered to be “low-risk.” However, the patient population is higher risk because of the extremes of age involved and associated comorbidities. ▪ Some ophthalmic…
Non-Operating Room Anesthesia
Key Points ▪ The non-operating room arena represents an expansion of the traditional environment for anesthesia practice with significant implications for patients and providers. As technology advances and patient acuity…
Anesthesia and the Renal and Genitourinary Systems
Key Points ▪ Innervation of the intraabdominal components of the genitourinary system—the kidney and the ureter—is primarily thoracolumbar (T8-L2). The nerve supply of the pelvic organs—the bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles,…
Anesthesia for Organ Procurement
Key Points ▪ The shortage of organs available for transplantation is a worldwide problem. ▪ The discrepancy between the number of patients waiting for organ transplantation and the available organs…
Anesthesia for Obstetrics
Key Points ▪ The normal physiologic changes of pregnancy begin in the first trimester, affect all organ systems, and alter pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to many drugs commonly used in…
Prehospital Care for Medical Emergencies and Trauma
Key Points ▪ After World War II, the subspecialty of prehospital emergency medicine evolved with leadership from doctors in anesthesiology. In many countries, prehospital emergency medicine is considered the fourth…
Palliative Medicine
Key Points ▪ Palliative care is an interprofessional approach to symptom management and decision making for patients with a wide range of serious illnesses and is not limited to patients…
