Transurethral resection of the prostate
Questions 1. What is TURP syndrome, and what is the treatment? 2. What other complications can occur during TURP? 3. What types of irrigating fluids have been used for transurethral…
Endovascular thoracic aortic repair
Questions 1. What is the difference between conventional descending aortic reconstruction and endovascular aortic repair? 2. List the anatomic requirements and restrictions for endovascular aortic repair. 3. What are the…
Open abdominal aortic repair
Questions 1. Explain the natural history of aortic aneurysms. 2. How is a patient with an aortic aneurysm evaluated preoperatively? 3. Which medications are administered preoperatively? 4. Which anesthetic agents…
Full stomach
Questions 1. What are the mechanisms a conscious person has to prevent regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration? 2. Discuss the risk factors for regurgitation and pulmonary aspiration during general anesthesia. 3….
Carcinoid syndrome
Questions 1. What are carcinoid tumors? 2. Where do carcinoid tumors occur? 3. Describe the pathophysiology of carcinoid syndrome. 4. What is carcinoid crisis? 5. What are anesthetic concerns for…
Pheochromocytoma
Questions 1. What is a pheochromocytoma? 2. What are the signs and symptoms and diagnostic criteria? 3. How is pheochromocytoma managed preoperatively? 4. What are intraoperative surgical and anesthetic considerations?…
Diabetes mellitus
Questions 1. Describe the pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. What are the end-organ effects of diabetes mellitus, and how do they affect the perioperative course?…
Thyroid disease
Questions 1. How are thyroid hormones produced? 2. Describe the classic presentation of thyrotoxicosis. 3. How does thyroid storm differ from thyrotoxicosis? 4. Describe the treatment of thyroid storm. 5….
Malignant hyperthermia
Questions 1. What is malignant hyperthermia? 2. What is the pathophysiology of malignant hyperthermia? 3. What are the clinical characteristics of malignant hyperthermia? 4. Discuss masseter muscle rigidity during induction….
Parathyroidectomy
Questions 1. Describe the physiology of calcium regulation. 2. What are the clinical features of hypercalcemia? 3. How is hypercalcemia treated? 4. How could hypercalcemia complicate anesthetic care? 5. Discuss…
