Abstract Radiofrequency and cryoablation are analgesic modalities which provide pain relief by interrupting nociceptive pathways. While water-cooled radiofrequency and cryoablation create a demonstrable tissue lesion, pulsed radiofrequency’s mechanism of action…
Abstract Discogenic pain, or pain arising from the intervertebral discs, is a common cause of chronic spinal pain, constituting approximately 40% of cases of low back pain. Discs invariably degenerate…
Abstract Sacroiliac joint pain represents a frequently misdiagnosed cause of low back pain, affecting between 15% and 30% of individuals with mechanical pain below L5. Although a battery of provocation…
Abstract Effective management of pain typically requires an examination of biologic, psychologic, and social factors that contribute to the patient’s individual experience. Adding behavioral and environmental management strategies to the…
Abstract Piriformis syndrome remains an oft misdiagnosed cause of buttock and leg pain. Because of its proximity to the sciatic nerve, variant anatomic relations between the piriformis muscle and sciatic…
Abstract Back and neck pain are two of the leading causes of disability in the world, with over one-third of cases being predominantly neuropathic or mixed in nature. The classification…
Abstract Transforaminal epidural steroid injections and selective nerve root blocks provide an alternative intervention to interlaminar epidural injections to target radicular pain. The two former procedures differ regarding the final…
Abstract Low back pain is a major source of pain and suffering. A body of knowledge has accumulated over the years which suggests that many of the syndromes causing low…
Abstract Tai Chi is an ancient Chinese martial art with a growing interest. It is an aerobic exercise of mild to moderate intensity. The practice of Tai Chi involves an…
Abstract Acupuncture (AP) is widely practiced for acute and chronic pain management. National Institute of Health (NIH) consensus statement in 1997 demonstrated favorable results of AP treatments in postoperative pain,…
