Key Points ▪ Innervation of the intraabdominal components of the genitourinary system—the kidney and the ureter—is primarily thoracolumbar (T8-L2). The nerve supply of the pelvic organs—the bladder, prostate, seminal vesicles,…
Key Points ▪ The shortage of organs available for transplantation is a worldwide problem. ▪ The discrepancy between the number of patients waiting for organ transplantation and the available organs…
Key Points ▪ The normal physiologic changes of pregnancy begin in the first trimester, affect all organ systems, and alter pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic responses to many drugs commonly used in…
Key Points ▪ After World War II, the subspecialty of prehospital emergency medicine evolved with leadership from doctors in anesthesiology. In many countries, prehospital emergency medicine is considered the fourth…
Key Points ▪ Palliative care is an interprofessional approach to symptom management and decision making for patients with a wide range of serious illnesses and is not limited to patients…
Key Points ▪ In the United States more than two out of three people are overweight or obese. Worldwide, more people are obese than are malnourished. Obesity is becoming the…
Key Points ▪ The presence of a significant acid-base abnormality often signals a sinister underlying problem. ▪ All acid-base abnormalities result from alterations in the dissociation of water. ▪ Only…
Key Points ▪ Good evidence-based practice dictates that clinicians always quantitate the extent of neuromuscular block by objective monitoring. ▪ The neuromuscular block should be adjusted to ensure optimal surgical…
Key Points ▪ Blood transfusion is safer now than at any other time in history. Advances in donor screening, improved testing, automated data systems, and changes in transfusion medicine practices…
Key Wordsage, body habitus, clearance, interactions, patient characteristics, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, volumes of distribution Key Points ▪ Pharmacokinetics describes the relationship between drug dose and drug concentration in plasma or…
