Mitral Valve Stenosis
Mitral Valve Stenosis Megan P. Kostibas Mary Beth Brady Colleen G. Koch INTRODUCTION The 19th century physician, Jean-Nicolas Corvisart established the diagnostic value of percussion in the physical diagnosis of…
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Regurgitation Adam M. Dryden A. Stephane Lambert INTRODUCTION Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become a standard of care in the cardiac operating room, allowing the anesthesiologist to play an important…
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Ventricular Diastolic Function
Echocardiographic Evaluation of Ventricular Diastolic Function Amit Bardia Wanda M. Popescu INTRODUCTION The diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle is recognized as an important, independent component of cardiac performance. Quantification…
Quantitative Doppler and Hemodynamics
Quantitative Doppler and Hemodynamics Tzong Huei Chen Andrew Maslow Albert C. Perrino Jr. When you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something…
Doppler Technology and Technique
Doppler Technology and Technique Albert C. Perrino Jr. INTRODUCTION Two-dimensional echocardiography provides remarkable high-resolution, full motion display of cardiac structures. Yet despite the ability to reveal the most intricate anatomic…
Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia
Diagnosis of Myocardial Ischemia Joachim M. Erb Manfred D. Seeberger ANATOMY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE MYOCARDIAL BLOOD SUPPLY Coronary Anatomy The myocardium has its own independent blood supply and drainage…
Two-Dimensional Examination
Two-Dimensional Examination Joseph P. Miller ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY IS A CORNERSTONE OF medical imaging and clinical decision making. Echocardiographic technology continues to rapidly improve. Real-time biplane imaging is a reality in most…
Principles and Technology of Two-Dimensional Echocardiography
Principles and Technology of Two-Dimensional Echocardiography Michelle Gorgone Andrew Maslow Albert C. Perrino Jr. INTRODUCTION Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography generates dynamic images of the heart from reflections of transmitted ultrasound. The…
Compounded Topical Analgesics
Compounded Topical Analgesics Amode Tembhekar, BS Christopher Migdal, BS Martin AC Manoukian, BS FAST FACTS Topical analgesics and anesthetics may include patches, creams, ointments, or gels prepared for local delivery…
Neuropathic Pain Medications
Neuropathic Pain Medications Naileshni Singh, MD Jon Zhou, MD Samir J. Sheth, MD FAST FACTS There are a variety of different types of medications that can be used to treat…
