Abstract Haemorrhage affects all patient groups. Coagulopathy (an abnormality of the clotting system) is closely interlinked with haemorrhage and can either place patients at risk of future bleeding or can…
Abstract Sickle cell disease is an autosomal recessive multi-systemic blood condition, caused because of a mutation in chromosome 11 resulting in production of abnormal β globin of haemoglobin or HbS….
Abstract Transfusion of donor blood is sometimes unavoidable during the surgical episode. However, it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, whilst interventions that reduce the need for donor transfusions…
Abstract Anaemia affects a significant number of preoperative patients and has independently been associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Identification, assessment, and treatment of preoperative anaemia is now widely accepted…
Abstract Iron – like most micronutrients – is not synthesized by the human body and is acquired from dietary sources. Total body iron (approximately 3000–5000 mg) is chiefly regulated by varying…
History of present illness A 78-year-old woman arrived in the emergency department (ED) due to a dry cough, worsening dyspnea, and fever. Before that ED visit, the general practitioner placed…
History of present illness A 49-year-old Caucasian woman was referred to the pulmonary clinic complaining of 2-year worsening dyspnea and sporadic dry cough despite treatment with inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids…
History of present illness A 30-year-old never-smoker man was evaluated at the emergency department due to new onset of intermittent hemoptysis within a period of 4 weeks. Episodes increased in…
History of present illness A 68-year-old Caucasian female was admitted to the emergency department after a traumatic accident and a consequent transient loss of consciousness. A total body computed tomography…
History of present illness A never-smoker, 57-year-old woman complained of increasing shortness of breath and a persistent cough, producing only sporadically white-gray sputum, without hemoptysis and without a specific circadian…
