7 Starting and Managing a Bronchoscopy Unit Rabih Bechara Interventional Pulmonology and the practice of pulmonary endoscopy have evolved tremendously in the past decade. Thanks to new technology, the trained…
6 Anatomy and Care of the Bronchoscope Robert Garland The flexible bronchoscope has undergone many technological advances since it was first introduced almost 50 years ago. Despite these advances in…
4 Airway Anatomy for the Bronchoscopist Shana Hill , Rani Kumaran , Arthur Sung , and Armin Ernst Introduction Bronchoscopy is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that permits direct visualization…
8 Flexible Bronchoscopy: Indications, Contraindications, and Consent Aaron B. Waxman Introduction The ability of the flexible bronchoscope to provide either diagnostic data or a therapeutic intervention is changing with technology….
3 The Larynx Daniel C. Chelius, Jr. and William W. Lunn The human voice is the organ of the soul. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Introduction The larynx is a complex constricting…
Abstract Above and below the knee amputations require basic anatomy knowledge of the muscle compartments, nerves, and arteries of the lower extremity. The thigh has three compartments: anterior, posterior, and…
Abstract The treatment goals of damage control surgery in orthopedics (DCO) include: Give priority to other more severe, life-threatening associated injuries. Improving vascular flow and subsequent tissue perfusion by reducing…
Abstract For vascular trauma purposes the abdomen is divided into four retroperitoneal anatomical areas: Zone 1: The midline retroperitoneum from the aortic hiatus to the sacral promontory is broken into…
Abstract Both kidneys have similar muscular surroundings. Posteriorly, the diaphragm covers the upper third of each kidney. Medially, the lower two-thirds of the kidney lie against the psoas muscle, and…
Abstract The inferior vena cava (IVC) is formed by the confluence of the common iliac veins, just anterior to the L5 vertebral body, and posterior to the right common iliac…
