7. Arnold-Chiari Malformation Definition Arnold-Chiari malformation is a complex congenital malformation of the hindbrain that is often associated with myelomeningocele. The deformity is characterized by downward displacement of the medulla,…
12. Becker’s Dystrophy Definition Becker’s dystrophy is a genetic variation of Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy. This form is very similar to pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy (Duchenne’s), but the onset of the disease…
11. Bartter Syndrome Definition Bartter syndrome is a form of hyperaldosteronism that results from hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular cells, with normal blood pressure and hyperkalemic alkalosis without edema,…
10. Barrett’s Esophagus Definition Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is a peptic ulcer in the lower esophagus, often associated with stricture, caused by the presence of columnar-lined epithelium. The columnar-lined epithelium may…
9. Autonomic Hyperreflexia Definition Autonomic hyperreflexia is an imbalanced reflex sympathetic discharge that occurs in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI) higher than the level of splanchnic sympathetic outflow. Autonomic…
6. Ankylosing Spondylosis Definition Ankylosing spondylosis (AS) is rheumatoid arthritis of the spine found predominately in persons 20 to 40 years of age. It produces pain and stiffness as a…
2. Achondroplasia (Dwarfism) Definition Achondroplasia is a hereditary, congenital autosomal dominant disorder that produces abnormalities in the growth and/or remodeling of cartilage and bone affecting the skull, spine, and extremities….
3. Acromegaly Definition Acromegaly is the abnormal enlargement of limbs and facial features as a result of hypersecretion of growth hormone after maturity. The disease is usually the result of…
4. Acute Leukemia Definition Leukemia is a progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming tissues marked by a distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and…
