Pediatric Congenital Lesions
16 Pediatric Congenital Lesions Michael Chen and Cynthia Tung I. Spinal dysraphisms II. Spina bifida aperta A. Background and anatomy B. Surgery C. Anesthetic considerations III. Spina bifida occulta A….
Neurosurgical Procedures and Chronic Pain
II. Peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) encompasses all nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord. The locations of these nerves, as well as their extensive number,…
Posterior Fossa Tumor Surgery
6 Posterior Fossa Tumor Surgery Audrice Francois I. Introduction II. Neuroanatomy of the posterior fossa III. Types of posterior fossa tumors and associated pathophysiology IV. Diagnostic tests and neuroimaging V….
ScvO2 as an Alternative Transfusion Trigger
DO2, oxygen delivery; SV, stroke volume; HR, heart rate; Hb, haemoglobin; SaO2, arterial haemoglobin oxygen saturation; PaO2, arterial oxygen partial pressure; CO, cardiac output; CaO2, arterial oxygen content; VO2, oxygen…
Massive Transfusion in Trauma
Fig. 11.1 The conventional concept of traumatic coagulopathy as a secondary process 11.3 Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy The first landmark report of the existence of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC) was in…
Transfusion in Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Fig. 12.1 Schematic representation of the coagulation cascade demonstrating the interplay between coagulation, anticoagulation, clot formation and fibrinolysis. Grey boxes with red text indicate which components of the cascade are…
Red Blood Cell Transfusion in the Elderly
(1) Division of General Internal Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA Abstract The elderly population is growing rapidly, and the prevalence of anemia is…
Red Blood Cell Transfusion Trigger in Cardiac Surgery
Fig. 5.1 Forest plot of the odds of mortality for transfusion versus no transfusion from observational studies. Individual references are available on request 5.3 Randomised Controlled Trials on Red Blood…
Red Blood Cell Transfusion Trigger in Brain Injury
, Dean Fergusson1 and Lauralyn McIntyre1, 2 (1) Centre for Transfusion Research, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada (2) Department of Medicine (Critical Care), The University of Ottawa,…
