B Automatic internal cardioverter defibrillator Definition Automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators are surgically implanted to prevent sudden cardiac death from malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias. These are self-contained diagnostic devices that continuously monitor…
A Ablation procedures Maze and mini-maze procedures The MAZE procedure is offered to patients at high risk for stroke who have unsuccessful attempts at pharmacologic treatment. It is an “open-heart”…
G Systemic lupus erythematosus Definition Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of connective tissues that affects multiple organ systems with periods of remissions and exacerbations. Incidence and…
F Scleroderma Definition Widespread, symmetric lesions that cause induration of the skin and are followed by atrophy and pigmentation changes characterize scleroderma. It is a systemic disease that affects muscles,…
D Malnutrition Definition Malnutrition, or nutritional failure, is associated with protein depletion in the presence of adequate calories or with combined protein-calorie deficiency. Protein-calorie depletion is a frequent finding in…
C Glaucoma or open globe Definition and etiology In glaucoma, intraocular pressure (IOP) is increased, resulting in impaired capillary flow to the optic nerve. If the condition is left untreated,…
B Geriatrics Definition Geriatrics is the branch of medicine that deals with the physiologic effects of aging and the diagnosis and treatment of persons who are 65 years of age…
A Allergic reactions and hypersensitivity Definition In some cases, the immune response to antigen is greatly exaggerated, a situation referred to as hypersensitivity. Anaphylaxis is a life-threatening response that a…
L Tuberculosis Definition Tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that is spread primarily by aerosol transmission. Incidence and prevalence In the past and before specific antimicrobial therapy, tuberculosis was a…
K Restrictive pulmonary diseases Definition Restrictive pulmonary disease is defined as any condition that interferes with normal lung expansion during inspiration. Typically, it includes disorders that increase the inward elastic…
