Resonance and damping
Damping results in oscillations of reducing amplitude due to the loss of energy to the surroundings. It is measured as the damping coefficient, which refers to the amount of damping…
Physics of gases
where P is absolute pressure (Pa), V is volume (m3), n is amount of substance (mol), R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J·K−1·mol−1), and T is temperature (K). Boyle’s…
Fluid dynamics: laminar and turbulent flow
where Q is flow, ΔP is pressure gradient, r is radius, η is fluid viscosity and l is length. From this equation, it can be seen that flow is directly…
Medical gases: storage and supply
Applied science How do you determine how much gas remains in a cylinder? For cylinders containing compressed (non-liquefied) gas, gauge pressure falls as gas is used; Boyle’s law can be…
Fluid dynamics: Bernoulli and Venturi
By altering the driving flow, the constriction size or the size of the opening, the Venturi effect can be used to mix gases or fluids to produce a fixed concentration….
Diffusion and osmosis
The osmometer uses supercooling to measure the depression of the freezing point. Supercooling is the process of cooling a liquid without causing a change in state. It involves rapidly cooling…
Latent heat
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 7 Latent heat Basic science Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise a given object by one kelvin, and has the…
