Diffusion and osmosis
The osmometer uses supercooling to measure the depression of the freezing point. Supercooling is the process of cooling a liquid without causing a change in state. It involves rapidly cooling…
Latent heat
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 7 Latent heat Basic science Heat capacity is the amount of heat energy required to raise a given object by one kelvin, and has the…
Heat and temperature
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 5 Heat and temperature Basic science Heat is a form of energy that is transferred between objects of differing temperatures. It is measured in joules….
Temperature measurement
Applied science Describe the applications of non-electrical thermometers Liquid thermometers containing mercury are effective from −39°C to 250°C, while alcohol thermometers are effective from −117°C to 78°C. They are commonly…
Postoperative nausea and vomiting research: methodology, assessment and strength of evidence
Flow Diagram 15.1 Diagram showing potential outcomes of individual trials for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The middle column shows whether a variable, such as sex, is associated with PONV,…
Combination antiemetics
CP122, 7211 200 mg (52)O 4 mg + CP122, 721 200 mg (53)9896982464Nausea: NSVomiting:CP122, 721 = O + CP122, 721 > OAltorjay et al. [34]Breast, shoulder, gynecologic, or thyroid surgeries,…
Nonpharmacologic management of postoperative nausea and vomiting
Figure 10.1 Location of the pericardium meridian point 6 acupoint. According to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) theory, surgery interrupts the balanced state of the human body by disturbing the movement…
Management of postoperative nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients
(previous POV, motion sickness or family history of POV)No predispositionPredisposition presentNADuration of anesthesia >45 minNoYesNAHigh-risk surgery(tonsillectomy, tympanoplastystrabismus)Not high PONV risk proceduresHigh PONV risk (tonsillectomy, tympanoplastystrabismus)NAMultiple doses of opioidsNoYesNA NA, not…
