Proven applications Possible applications Strong evidence Lack of strong evidence but physiological rationale Large-volume paracentesis Recurrent ascites (as a long-term treatment) Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) with ascites Non-SBP-related sepsis and…
Meta-analyses Size Mortality Blood transfusion Myocardial infarction Stroke Pulmonary embolism RCT pts RR 95 % CI RR 95 % CI RR 95 % CI RR 95 % CI RR 95…
1 Skin, 2 Sternocleidomastoid muscle, 3 Sternohyoid muscle, 4 Thyroid (isthmus), 5 Trachea, 6 Thyroid (right lobe), 7 Thyroid (left lobe), 8 Right carotid artery, 9 Left carotid artery. In…
Fig. 12.1 Main Features of tracheostomy tube Actually, two types of tracheostomy tube are now available: (1) the cuffed tracheostomy tube frequently used for patients ventilation and (2) the uncuffed…
Fig. 15.1 Endoscopic view of tracheoesophageal fistula. The arrow indicates the solution of continuity between the membranous wall of the trachea and the adjacent esophageal wall 15.3.6 Infections Data on…
Fig. 13.1 Characteristics of double-lumen endotracheal tube (DLET). The figure shows the upper channel dedicated for bronchoscopy, the lower channel for patient’s ventilation The upper lumen should be positioned at…
Fig. 8.1 Rigid Tracheoscope (RTS) Fig. 8.2 Transillumination of the neck If the operator chooses to use a standard ETT (a variation of the classic technique), this must be partially…
Fig. 4.1 Preoperative patient’s position. Rolled towels are positioned between the shoulder blades to obtain neck hyperextension An iodine-based solution was used to prepare the surgical field and sterile drapes…
Fig. 7.1 Guide wire dilating forceps Fig. 7.2 Guide wire dilating forceps: particular findigs Fig. 7.3 Guide wire dilating forceps: particular findigs with seldinger insertion References 1. Griggs WM, Worthley…
Fig. 5.1 Ciaglia Blue Rhino technique The Blue Dolphin technique is novel, using a combined dilator-tube introducer assembly, which uses a high-pressure balloon to dilate the stoma. The unique feature…
