Polytrauma in Young Children
Age group Weight range (kg) Heart rate (beats/min) Blood pressure (mmHg) Respiratory rate (breaths/min) Urinary output (ml/kg/h) 0–12 months 3.5–10 <160 >60 <60 2.0 1–2 years 10–14 <150 >70 <40…
Soft Tissue Injuries
Fig. 7.1 Schematic: The dynamics of the initial response of various tissues following injury is often characterized by highly significant secondary cellular damage due to protracted ischaemia and a pro-inflammatory…
Urological Injuries in Polytraumatized Patients
1 Contusion or nonexpanding subcapsular hematoma. No laceration 2 Nonexpanding perirenal hematoma, cortical laceration < 1 cm deep w/o extravasation 3 Cortical laceration > 1 cm w/o urinary extravasation 4 Laceration: through…
Open Fractures: Initial Management
Fig. 19.1 Open fracture of the right lower limb following a motorcycle accident showing extensive loss of soft tissue injury, periosteal stripping an major wound contamination (Type IIIb following the…
Outcome and Management of Primary Amputations, Subtotal Amputation Injuries, and Severe Open Fractures with Nerve Injuries
Fig. 22.1 This 28-year-old male was involved in a high-speed motorcycle crash and sustained significant forefoot and midfoot trauma. The heel pad was severely damaged in this case which happens…
High-Energy Injuries Caused by Penetrating Trauma
Fig. 23.1 (a) Gunshot fracture to a 25-year-old counter-terrorist fighter, caused by an AK-47. (b) Three months following irrigation, debridement, and fixation with a proximal femoral nail (Synthes, Battlach, Switzerland)…
Management of Malunions and Nonunions in Patients with Multiple Injuries
Fig. 27.1 External fixator used as temporizing device awaiting soft tissue resolution in this multiply injured with severe midfoot fracture/dislocation. (a) Mid foot fracture/dislocation in multiply injured patient. (b, c)…
Acute Soft Tissue and Bone Infections
1. Early diagnosis and differentiation of necrotizing vs. non-necrotizing SSTI 2. Early initiation of appropriate empiric broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy with anti-MRSA coverage and consideration of risk factors for specific pathogens…
The Management of the Multiply Injured Elderly Patient
Injury severity score <25 GCS <9 Systolic blood pressure <90 mmHg Pulse >90/min Increased transfusion requirement Increased volume replacement Associated injuries (AIS >3) Head Chest Abdomen Spine Comorbidities Haematological disease…
Management of Traumatic Bone Defects
Fig. 24.1 (a) Thoracic spine burst fracture of T6 with corpectomy and stabilization of body with titanium mesh gauge and small fragment plate. Spinal cord is exposed. (b) PLA membrane…
