Management of Cholecystitis in High-Risk Patients
ASA physical status 1 A normal healthy patient ASA physical status 2 A patient with mild systemic disease ASA physical status 3 A patient with severe systemic disease ASA physical…
Indications for and Considerations Surrounding Interval Cholecystectomy
Post-operative outcomes Time elapsed from recent MI Cholecystectomy (%) 30-day MI 0–30 days 28.8b 31–60 days 17.8b 61–90 days 6.5b 91–180 days 5.7b 181–365 days 3.9b No Recent MI 0.9…
Management of Asymptomatic Gallstones
Risk factors Age Female gender Pregnancy Obesity Bariatric surgery due to rapid weight loss Ileal resection Hypertriglyceridemia Cirrhosis Ethnic groups Pima Indians and other Native Americans Hemolytic disorders Sickle cell…
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis
Fig. 15.1 A patient who has been diagnosed with acute acalculous cholecystitis. The gallbladder has a characteristic thickened wall with dependent sludge in the gallbladder. The patient was successfully treated…
The Use of Routine and Selective Intraoperative Cholangiography
Fig. 5.1 A catheter is introduced into the abdomen through a separate subcostal stab incision via an angiocatheter or sheath. A clip is placed at the gallbladder/cystic duct junction and…
Management of Gallstones in the Pediatric Patient
Fig. 16.1 Large gallbladder calculus in adolescent patient with severe acute cholecystitis. The patient had no risks for stone disease such as hemolytic disease or hypercholesterolemia. Photo courtesy of Dr….
Robotic Cholecystectomy
Fig. 8.1 Operating room setup. Organization of operating table, robot cart, scrub nurse and table, surgeon console, anesthesia, and surgical assistant Incision, Port Placement, and Instrumentation The patient’s abdomen is…
Gallstone Pancreatitis
Fig. 10.1 (a) Peripancreatic inflammation and fluid. (b) Irregular heterogenous enhancement of the pancreatic gland with peripancreatic inflammation and fluid suggestive of pancreatic necrosis, along with mesentery infiltration. (c) Severe…
Liver Injuries
(1) Trauma and Critical Care, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, MD, USA KeywordsLiverHepatic injuryExsanguinating hemorrhageDiagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL)Nonoperative management (NOM)American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Organ…
Trachea, Bronchus, and Esophagus
(1) Trauma and Critical Care, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, MD, USA KeywordsTracheaBronchusEsophagusTracheobronchialPenetrating injuryBlunt injuryNational Trauma Data BankInjury severity score (ISS)BronchoscopyAirway pressure release ventilation (APRV)Collar incisionThoracotomyEsophagoscopyContrast-enhanced esophagography…
