Hydrosurgery of Disc
CHAPTER 33 Hydrosurgery of Disc Didier Demesmin and Sagar Parikh INDICATIONS Hydrodiscectomy is a form of disc decompression within the realm of minimally invasive discectomy that is an effective, predictable…
Documentation, Billing, and Coding
CHAPTER 13 Documentation, Billing, and Coding Laxmaiah Manchikanti Multiple issues related to documentation, billing, and coding are facts of life for physicians practicing interventional pain management. Emphasis continues on the…
Intrathecal Drug Delivery Trialing Procedures
CHAPTER 67 Intrathecal Drug Delivery Trialing Procedures Richard Bowman, Timothy R. Deer, and Jason E. Pope INTRODUCTION • Intrathecal drug delivery system (IDDS) trials offer the clinician an ability to utilize…
Cryoneuroablation
CHAPTER 79 Cryoneuroablation David Irwin and Andrea Trescot INTRODUCTION Cryoneuroablation is an interventional technique aimed at temporary destruction of the nerve providing relief of the pain. The origin of this…
Dorsal Root Ganglion Blocks and Radiofrequency Procedures
CHAPTER 25 Dorsal Root Ganglion Blocks and Radiofrequency Procedures Seth A. Waldman and Vladimir Kramskiy INTRODUCTION • The dorsal root ganglion (DRG) contains the cell bodies of first-order sensory neurons, each…
Local Anesthetics
CHAPTER 7 Local Anesthetics Christopher Voscopoulos and Mark J. Lema INTRODUCTION Local anesthetics (LAs) are used in many clinical scenarios that require the pain practitioner to be intimately familiar with…
Sacroiliac Joint Denervation Using Synergy System
CHAPTER 27 Sacroiliac Joint Denervation Using Synergy System Leonardo Kapural and Amanda Toye INTRODUCTION The sacroiliac (SI) joint is a common source of chronic low back pain (LBP) with a…
Stellate Ganglion Block
CHAPTER 42 Stellate Ganglion Block Richard S. Epter Stellate ganglion blockade has been utilized since the 1920s to treat a variety of medical conditions. Although blind stellate ganglion blockade had…
Commercially Available Reservoir Options for Intrathecal Drug Delivery
CHAPTER 65 Commercially Available Reservoir Options for Intrathecal Drug Delivery Corey W. Hunter and David Caraway INTRODUCTION The presence of abundant opioid mu receptors in the dorsal horns of the…
Intradiscal Biacuplasty
CHAPTER 36 Intradiscal Biacuplasty Mark Yelle and Leonardo Kapural INTRODUCTION Approximately 45% of back pain can be attributed to discogenic source.1,2 Lumbar discogenic pain is typically caused by pathophysiological changes…
