Biceps Tendon Tear
Abstract The biceps muscle and tendons are intimately involved in shoulder and upper extremity function and are susceptible to trauma and to wear and tear. Biceps tendon tear is usually…
Deltoid Syndrome
Abstract The deltoid muscle is susceptible to the development of myofascial pain syndrome. Flexion-extension and lateral motion stretch injuries or impact injuries to the deltoid muscle during football or repeated…
Scapulocostal Syndrome
Abstract Scapulocostal syndrome is an overuse syndrome caused by repeated improper use of the muscles of scapular stabilization—the levator scapulae, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, rhomboids, and, to a lesser extent,…
Supraspinatus Syndrome
Abstract The supraspinatus muscle is susceptible to the development of myofascial pain syndrome. Flexion-extension and lateral motion stretch injuries to the neck, shoulder, and upper back or repeated microtrauma secondary…
Acromioclavicular Joint Pain
Abstract The acromioclavicular joint is vulnerable to injury from both acute trauma and repeated microtrauma. Acute injuries are frequently the result of falling directly onto the shoulder when playing sports…
Bicipital Tendinitis
Abstract The pain of bicipital tendinitis is constant and severe and is localized in the anterior shoulder over the bicipital groove. A catching sensation may accompany the pain. Significant sleep…
Avascular Necrosis of the Glenohumeral Joint
Abstract The patient with avascular necrosis of the glenohumeral joint complains of pain over the affected glenohumeral joint or glenohumeral joints that may radiate into the proximal upper extremity and…
Subdeltoid Bursitis
Abstract The subdeltoid bursa lies primarily under the acromion and extends laterally between the deltoid muscle and the joint capsule under the deltoid muscle. It may exist as a single…
Arthritis Pain of the Shoulder
Abstract The shoulder joint is susceptible to the development of arthritis from various conditions that cause damage to the joint cartilage. Osteoarthritis is the most common cause of shoulder pain…
Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Abstract Thoracic outlet syndrome consists of a constellation of signs and symptoms, including paresthesias and aching pain of the neck, shoulder, and arm. The cause is thought to be compression…
