Animal studies: show adverse effectCategory CHuman studies: no controlled studies done, no data availableAnimal studies: adverse effects (teratogenic, embryocidal). Only give if benefits outweigh risksCategory DHuman studies: positive evidence of…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 46 Special considerations for the cardiac patient with implanted devices Ryan P. Maxwell and Jordan E. Goldhammer Post-Anesthesia Care: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management, ed. James…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 44 Special considerations for the pediatric patient Peter Jonathan Gambino, Allan F. Simpao, and Zvi Grunwald Post-Anesthesia Care: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management, ed. James W….
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 43 Special considerations for mechanical ventilation Yousef Hamdeh, Zara Y. Mergan, and James W. Heitz Post-Anesthesia Care: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management, ed. James W. Heitz….
Figure 42.1 Postoperative management of intraoperative awareness. It is important that healthcare providers refer the patient back to the anesthesiologist for evaluation. Dismissing reports of awareness as merely dreaming because…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 41 Hemorrhage Jeremy L. Hensley and Stephen O. Bader Post-Anesthesia Care: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management, ed. James W. Heitz. Published by Cambridge University Press. ©…
Figure 39.1 Differential diagnosis of postoperative shoulder pain. Intrinsic shoulder pain Patients with intrinsic shoulder injury will present with pain, stiffness, weakness, and instability of the shoulder joint. Pain is…
7.5/32510/3254–64–8Oxycodone/Acetaminophen5/3257.5/3254–63–4Acetaminophen/Codeine300/304–63–4Hydromorphone4–83–43–4 Oral analgesics are most effective for mild to moderate pain. The World Health Organization Pain Ladder recommends non-opioid analgesics for mild pain and a weak opioid or weak opioid/non-opioid…
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 37 Abnormal urine color James W. Heitz Post-Anesthesia Care: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Management, ed. James W. Heitz. Published by Cambridge University Press. © Cambridge University…
Absorption of irrigation fluidsUrine osmolality <250 mOsm/kgSerum hyponatremiaVariably presentObservationHyperglycemiaCommonDiabetes mellitusStress hyperglycemiaSteroid administrationGlucosuriaPseudohyponatremiaHypokalemiaAcidosis (DKA)↑osmolality (HHNK)Insulin, potassium supplementationMannitolOccasionalReduction of intracranial pressure (ICP), renal protection during rhabdomyolysisSerum hyponatremia, increased osmolality, hypokalemia; rarely hyperkalemiaSelf-limitedPost-obstruction…
