1. Children with diabetes presenting for surgery should undergo careful preoperative assessment and perioperative planning with an effort to optimize the patient’s condition preoperatively and to minimize the disturbances in glucose…
1. Awareness and management of intraocular pressure (IOP) is an important part of the anesthetic care of children undergoing many ophthalmologic procedures. 2. In most ophthalmologic surgeries, the patient must be kept…
1. The importance of clarifying roles of all physicians, RN’s and other health care personnel in the delivery room resuscitation of newborns cannot be overemphasized enough. 2. Ventilation of the lungs is…
1. Although many cases of cardiac arrest in pediatric anesthesia are due to the child’s underlying condition(s), anesthetic-related events do account for a significant portion of arrests. 2. Among the anesthesia related…
1. Both the parent’s and the anesthesiologist’s interactions with the child during the preoperative visit and induction have significant impact on the child’s postoperative behavior. Distraction, humor, and reinterpretation of medical…
1. While the incidence of burns is decreasing in western countries, 20% of burns are seen in children <5 years of age and 29% in children <16 years of age. 2. The…
1. Kidney transplantation a. Preoperative evaluation must address common comorbidities seen in renal failure: hypovolemia or hypervolemia depending on dialysis timing, anemia, electrolyte abnormalities, platelet dysfunction, and delayed gastric emptying. b. Maintaining a…
1. Classifying newborns by weight leads to overly optimistic conclusions regarding morbidity and mortality, because intrauterine growth-restricted newborns are developmentally more mature than their nonrestricted counterparts. 2. All major organ systems of…
1. In the past three decades, minimally invasive surgery has emerged as a mainstream technique in infants and children, even largely supplanting many commonly performed open operations. 2. Potential advantages of a…
1. Over the past decade, the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestone project has recognized the distinction between competence and performance, resulting in an increased expectation of performance measurement…
