B Cholecystectomy

Surgery of the upper abdomen is used in the treatment of gallstones and other diseases of the gallbladder. Open cholecystectomy is performed in patients with adhesions, previous surgical procedures, infection, or major medical problems. An intraoperative cholangiogram may be done to determine if there are gallstones present within the biliary tree. The mortality rate for elective cholecystectomy is less than 0.5%. In patients older than 70 years of age, the mortality rate rises to 2% to 3%, mostly because of preexisting cardiopulmonary disease. Presently, the surgical approach used during cholecystectomy is laparoscopic.

2. Preoperative assessment

a) History and physical examination

(1) Standard

(2) Gastrointestinal assessment: Pain is localized in the right subcostal region. The patient may experience referred pain in the back at the shoulder level. Anorexia, nausea, and vomiting are common. Infection and fever are rare.

b) Diagnostic tests: These are as indicated by the patient’s history and medical condition.

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