CHAPTER 6 ORAL ONDANSETRON IN GASTROENTERITIS

Oral Ondansetron for Gastroenteritis in a Pediatric Emergency Department

Freedman SB, Adler M, Seshadri R, et al. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(16):1698–1705

BACKGROUND

Gastroenteritis is a common presentation of pediatric patients in the ED and accounts for more than 1.5 million outpatient visits and 200,000 hospitalizations annually.¹ Oral rehydration for patients with mild-to-moderate dehydration is recommended as the preferred therapy by the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), but is not always practiced as clinicians are often reticent to use oral rehydration in patients with recent history of vomiting.² At the time of this study, ondansetron was a potent new antiemetic that had not been studied as an adjunct to oral rehydration.

OBJECTIVES

To determine if oral ondansetron decreased vomiting or improved clinical outcomes in patients receiving oral rehydration therapy for mild-to-moderate dehydration as a result of gastroenteritis.

METHODS

Prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled trial conducted in an academic pediatric ED between 2004 and 2005.

Patients

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