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21.1 |
Clinical chemistry values |
Blood gases (breathing air at sea level)
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|
Blood H+ 35–45 nmol/L | |
|
pH |
7.36–7.44 |
|
PaO2 |
11.3–12.6 kPa |
|
PaCO2 |
4.7–6.0 kPa |
|
Base excess |
+/− 2 mmol/L |
|
Carboxyhaemoglobin |
non-smoker <2% |
|
Carboxyhaemoglobin |
smoker 3–15% |
|
Serum values | |
|
Na |
137–144 mmol/L |
|
K |
3.5–4.9 mmol/L |
|
Cl |
95–107 mmol/L |
|
HCO3 |
20–28 mmol/L |
|
Anion gap |
12–16 mmol/L |
|
Urea |
2.5–7.5 mmol/L |
|
Creatinine |
60–110 μmol/L |
|
Ca |
2.2–2.6 mmol/L |
|
Phosphate |
0.8–1.4 mmol/L |
|
Serum total protein |
61–76 g/L |
|
Liver values | |
|
Albumin |
37–49 g/L |
|
Total bilirubin |
1–22 μmol/L |
|
Conjugated bilirubin |
0–3.4 μmol/L |
|
ALT |
5–35 units/L |
|
AST |
1–31 units/L |
|
ALP |
45–105 units/L (over 14 years) |
|
GGT |
4–35 units/L (<50 units/L in males) |
|
LDH |
10–250 units/L |
|
Cardiac biomarkers | |
|
CK |
(males) 24–195 units/L;(females) 24–170 units/L |
|
Others | |
|
Cu |
12–26 μmol/L |
|
Caeruloplasmin |
200–350 mg/L |
|
Al |
0–10 mcg/L |
|
Mg |
0.75–1.05 mmol/L |
|
Zn |
6–25 μmol/L |
|
Urate |
(males) 0.23–0.46 mmol/L;(females) 0.19–0.36 mmol/L |
|
Plasma lactate |
0.6–1.8 mmol/L |
|
Plasma ammonia |
12–55 μmol/L |
|
Serum ACE |
25–82 units /L |
|
Fasting plasma glucose |
3.0–6.0 mmol/L |
|
HbA1c |
3.8–6.4% |
|
Fructosamine |
<285 μmol/L |
|
Serum amylase |
60–180 units/L |
|
Plasma osmolality |
278–305 mOsm/kg |
|
Lipids and lipoproteins: assess overall lifetime risk | |
|
Serum cholesterol |
<5.2 mmol/L |
|
Serum LDL cholesterol |
<3.36 mmol/L |
|
Serum HDL cholesterol |
>0.55 mmol/L |
|
Fasting serum TG |
0.45–1.69 mmol/L |