CHAPTER 78 DEXAMETHASONE FOR CROUP

A Randomized Trial of a Single Dose of Oral Dexamethasone for Mild Croup

Bjornson CL, Klassen TP, Williamson J, et al. N Engl J Med. 2004;351(13):1306–1313

BACKGROUND

Croup is a common illness in children, and a common presentation in the ED. The majority of children with croup have a mild course, with a minority of patients requiring hospitalization or endotracheal intubation. Corticosteroids have proven beneficial in the treatment of moderate to severe croup but at the time of this study their efficacy in mild croup was unknown.

OBJECTIVES

To determine whether a single dose of dexamethasone for children with mild croup reduces the return to a medical provider, as well as associated economic costs.

METHODS

Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in four Canadian pediatric EDs between 2001 and 2003.

Participants

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