Comorbid Physical and Psychiatric Condition in Pain (Efficacy levels 4 and 5) |
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Fecal incontinence (balloon manometer, rectal EMG, ultrasound sensor)
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Erectile dysfunction (pelvic floor EMG)
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Attention and attention deficit disorders (ADHD) (EEG)
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Major depressive disorder (EEG: alpha asymmetry, fMRI upregulation, HRV)
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Epileptic seizures: (EEG: sensorimotor rhythm, slow cortical potential)
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Glycemic control (forehead EMG, hand temperature)
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Anxiety disorders (EMG, HRV, breathing)
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Essential hypertension—including preeclampsia (thermal, breathing, HRV)
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Raynaud’s disease (thermal) |
Pain Primarily (efficacy levels 3, 4, and 5) |
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Adult and pediatric headache, migraine and tension-type (EEG, EMG, thermal, BVP)
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Pain related to the following (fMRI, EEG, EMG, breathing, HRV): Level 4: jaw and facial pain, noncardiac chest pain, posture-related pain, chronic and experimentally induced pain; Level 3: low-back, pelvic, phantom limb, patellofemoral, cancer pain
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Irritable bowel syndrome (HRV)
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TMJ dysfunction (EMG, hand temperature)
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Arthritis (EMG, breathing, thermal, GSR)
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Fibromyalgia (EMG) |
Note: BVP, blood volume pulse; EEG, electroencephalography; EMG, electromyography; fMRI, functional magnetic resonance imaging; HRV, heart rate variability; GSR, galvanic skin response. |
Clinical judgment should be exercised when making decision and may override the above suggestions. | |